Innovation Without Borders: A rapid review of international R&D collaboration between firms

International R&D collaboration has not only become common but also crucial for firms to acquire knowledge or essential inputs, enabling them to generate novel ideas, technologies, and gain access to global markets. This review aims to elucidate the concept, contextual background, and the extent of recent trends in international R&D collaboration among firms. Furthermore, it delves into the intricacies of the existing literature, analysing the advantages, drawbacks, and challenges associated with engaging in such collaborations. We also examine the factors that have been identified as catalysts for successful outcomes, as well as the role played by policies and institutions. It is important to note that the multifaceted and ever-evolving study of collaborative innovation has notable gaps in terms of conceptual understanding, empirical evidence, and policy implications. To bridge these gaps, we put forth suggestions to address these issues, with the aim of informing policymaking and practice, and providing guidance to businesses seeking to engage in global R&D collaborations.

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